Clindamycin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, rash, and pain at the site of injection. Clindamycin was first made in or Clindamycin is used primarily to treat anaerobic infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteriaincluding dental infections, [10] and infections of the respiratory tractskin, and soft tissueand peritonitis.
It is also used to treat clindamycin hcl and joint infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The use of clindamycin in conjunction with benzoyl peroxide is more effective ear infections the treatment of acne than the use of either product by itself. Clindamycin and adapalene in combination are also more effective than either drug alone, although adverse effects are more frequent.
Most aerobic Gram-negative bacteria such as Ear infectionsLegionellaHaemophilus influenzae and Moraxella are resistant to clindamycin, [18] [19] as are the facultative anaerobic Enterobacteriaceae. When testing a gram-positive culture for sensitivity to clindamycin, it is common to perform what is clindamycin hcl 150 mg used to treat ear infections "D-Test" to determine if there is a macrolide -resistant subpopulation of bacteria present.
This test is necessary because click here bacteria express a phenotype known as MLS Bin which susceptibility tests will indicate the bacteria are susceptible to clindamycin, but in vitro the pathogen displays inducible resistance. If the area of what is clindamycin hcl 150 mg used to treat ear infections around the clindamycin disk is "D" shaped, the test result is positive and clindamycin should not be used due to the possibility of resistant pathogens and therapy failure.
If the area of 150 used around the clindamycin disk what is clindamycin hcl 150 mg used to treat ear infections circular, the test result is negative and clindamycin can be used. Given with chloroquine or quinineclindamycin is effective and well tolerated in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria; the latter combination is particularly useful for children, and is the treatment of what is clindamycin hcl 150 mg used to treat ear infections for pregnant women who become infected in areas where resistance to chloroquine is common.
Clindamycin is used nitroglycerin 0 3 mg sublingual zero cases of suspected toxic shock syndrome[27] often in combination with a bactericidal agent such as vancomycin. The rationale for this approach is a presumed synergy between vancomycin, which causes the death of the bacteria by breakdown of the cell walland clindamycin, which ear infections a powerful inhibitor of toxin synthesis.
Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown clindamycin reduces the production of exotoxins by staphylococci; [28] it may also induce changes in the surface structure of bacteria that make them more sensitive to immune system attack opsonization and phagocytosis.
infections Clindamycin has been proven to decrease the risk of premature births in women diagnosed treat ear bacterial vaginosis during early pregnancy to about a third of the risk of untreated women. The combination of clindamycin and quinine is the standard clindamycin hcl for severe babesiosis. Clindamycin may also be used to treat toxoplasmosis[18] [33] [34] and, in combination with primaquineis effective in treating mild to moderate Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. High doses both intravenous and oral may cause a metallic taste.
Additional side effects include contact dermatitis. Pseudomembranous colitis is a potentially 150 used condition commonly associated with clindamycin, but which occurs with other antibiotics, what well.
Clindamycin is classified as compatible with breastfeeding by the American Academy of Hcl 150 however, the WHO categorises it as "avoid what possible".
Clindamycin may used the effects of neuromuscular-blocking treat ear as succinylcholine and vecuronium. Clindamycin is a semisynthetic derivative of lincomycina natural antibiotic produced ear infections the actinobacterium Infections lincolnensis.
It is obtained by 7 S - chloro - substitution of what clindamycin 7 R - hydroxyl group of lincomycin. The topically used clindamycin phosphate is a phosphate- ester prodrug of clindamycin. Clindamycin has a primarily bacteriostatic effect. It is a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor by inhibiting ribosomal translocation, [50] in a similar way to macrolides.
It does so by binding to the /prednisone-treat-hemorrhoids.html rRNA of the large bacterial ribosome subunit, overlapping with the binding sites of the oxazolidinonepleuromutilinand macrolide antibiotics, among others.
The X-ray crystal structures of clindamycin bound to ribosomes or ribosomal subunits derived from Escherichia coli[53] Deinococcus radiodurans[54] and Haloarcura marismortui [55] have been determined; the structure of the closely related antibiotic lincomycin bound what is clindamycin hcl 150 mg used to treat ear infections the 50S ribosomal subunit of Staphylococcus aureus has also been methotrexate bleeding gums risk. It is available as a generic medication and is not very expensive.
Clindamycin preparations for oral administration include capsules containing clindamycin hydrochloride and oral suspensions containing clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride.
Clindamycin is formulated in a vaginal cream and as what ovules for used of bacterial vaginosis. Ear infections combination acne treatments containing clindamycin are also marketed, such as single-product formulations of clindamycin with benzoyl peroxide —sold as BenzaClin Sanofi-AventisDuac a gel form made by Stiefeland Acanya, among other trade names—and, treat ear the United States, a combination of clindamycin and tretinoinsold as Ziana.
In Egypt, vaginal cream containing clindamycin produced infections Biopharmgroup sold treat Vagiclind indicated for vaginosis. Clindamycin is available as a generic drugfor both systemic oral and intravenous and topical use. Here combination products clindamycin hcl 150 Clindoxyl. The veterinary uses of clindamycin are quite similar to its human indications, and include treatment of osteomyelitis[59] read article infections, and toxoplasmosisfor which it is the preferred drug in dogs and cats.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. B No risk in non-human studies. S4 Prescription only UK: Archived from the original on Retrieved Sep 4, Skin and soft-tissue infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus". N Engl J Med. Archived PDF from the original on
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