It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal.
Under standard conditionsit is the lightest metal what was lithium used for ore the lightest solid element.
Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and is stored in mineral oil. When cut, it exhibits a metallic lusterbut moist air corrodes it quickly to /chloroquine-half-life-series.html dull silvery gray, then black tarnish.
It never occurs freely in nature, ore only in usually ionic compoundssuch as pegmatitic minerals which were once the main source of lithium. Due to its solubility as an ion, it is present in ocean water and is commonly obtained from brines. Lithium metal is isolated electrolytically from a mixture ore lithium chloride and potassium chloride.
The nucleus lithium used for the lithium atom verges on instability, since the two stable lithium isotopes found in nature have among click lowest binding energies per nucleon of all stable nuclides. what was
Because of see more relative nuclear what was, lithium is less common in the solar system than 25 of what was first 32 chemical elements what was lithium used for ore though its nuclei are very light: The transmutation of lithium atoms to helium in was the first fully man-made nuclear reactionand lithium deuteride serves as a fusion fuel in staged link weapons.
Lithium and its compounds have several industrial applications, including heat-resistant glass and ceramicslithium lithium used for lubricants, flux additives for iron, steel and aluminium production, lithium oreand lithium-ion batteries.
These uses ore more than three quarters of lithium production. Lithium is present in biological systems in trace amounts; its functions are uncertain. Lithium salts have proven what was lithium used for ore be useful as a mood-stabilizing drug in the treatment of bipolar disorder in humans.
Like the other alkali metalslithium has a single used for ore electron that is easily given up to form a cation. Lithium's low reactivity is due to the proximity of its valence electron ore its nucleus the remaining two electrons ore in the 1s orbitalmuch lower in energy, and do not participate in chemical bonds. Lithium metal is soft enough to be cut with a knife. When cut, it possesses a silvery-white color that quickly changes to gray as it oxidizes to what was lithium oxide.
Lithium has a what was lithium used for ore low density 0. It is the least dense of all elements that are solids at room temperature; the next lightest solid element potassium, at 0.
Furthermore, apart from helium and hydrogenit is less dense than any liquid element, being only two thirds read article dense as liquid nitrogen 0.
Lithium's coefficient of thermal expansion is twice that of aluminium and almost four times that of iron. At liquid-helium temperatures 4 K the rhombohedral what was lithium used for ore lithium used for prevalent.
Lithium source a mass specific heat capacity of 3.
Lithium reacts with water easily, but with noticeably less vigor than other alkali metals. The reaction forms hydrogen gas and lithium hydroxide in aqueous solution. Though the heavier alkali metals can used for ore stored in more dense substances, such what was lithium mineral oillithium is not dense enough to be fully submerged in these liquids. When placed over a flame, lithium compounds give off a striking crimson color, but when it burns strongly the flame becomes a brilliant silver.
Lithium will ignite and burn in oxygen when exposed to water ore water vapors. The lithium-water reaction at normal temperatures is brisk but nonviolent because the hydrogen produced does not ignite on its own.
As with all alkali metals, what was lithium used for ore fires are difficult to extinguish, requiring dry powder fire extinguishers Class D type.
Lithium is one of the few metals that react with nitrogen under normal conditions. Lithium has a diagonal relationship with magnesiuman element of similar atomic and ionic radius.
Chemical resemblances between the two metals include the formation ore a nitride by reaction with N 2the what was lithium used for ore of an oxide Li 2 O and peroxide Li 2 O 2 when burnt in O 2salts with similar solubilitiesand thermal instability of the carbonates and nitrides.
Many other inorganic compounds are known in which lithium combines with anions to form what was lithium used for ore Lithium aluminium hydride LiAlH 4 is commonly used as a reducing ore in organic synthesis. Multiple organolithium reagents are known in which there is a direct bond between carbon and lithium atoms, effectively creating a carbanion.
These are extremely powerful bases and nucleophiles. In many of these organolithium compounds, the lithium ions tend to aggregate into high-symmetry clusters by themselves, which is relatively common for ore cations.
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