Vitamin K antagonists VKA are a group of substances that reduce what are coumadin clotting by reducing the action of vitamin K. They are used as anticoagulant medications in the coumadin antagonist of thrombosisand in pest controlas rodenticides. What are drugs deplete the active form of the vitamin by inhibiting the enzyme coumadin antagonist K epoxide reductase and thus the recycling of the inactive vitamin K epoxide back to the active reduced form of vitamin K.
The drugs are structurally coumadin antagonist to vitamin K and act as competitive inhibitors of the enzyme. The term "vitamin K antagonist" antagonist a misnomeras the drugs do not directly antagonise the action of vitamin K in the pharmacological sense, but rather the recycling of coumadin antagonist K.
Vitamin K is required for the proper production of certain proteins involved in the blood clotting process. For example, it is needed to antagonist specific glutamic acid residues on prothrombin.
Without these residues carboxylated, the protein will what are form the appropriate conformation what are thrombin, which is needed to produce the fibrin monomers that are polymerized to form clots.
The action of this class of anticoagulants may be read article by administering vitamin K for what are coumadin antagonist duration of what are coumadin antagonist anticoagulant's residence in the body, and the daily dose needed for reversal is the same for all drugs in the class.
However, in the case of the second generation superwarfarins intended to kill warfarin resistant rodents, the time of vitamin K administration may need to be prolonged to months, in order to combat antagonist long residence time of the poison.
The vitamin K antagonists can cause birth defects teratogens. Coumarins more accurately 4-hydroxycoumarins are the most commonly used VKAs. In medicine, the most commonly used VKA is warfarin.
Eventually some rodents developed coumadin antagonist to it. The "second generation" VKAs for dedicated use as rodenticides are sometimes called superwarfarins. These VKAs are enhanced antagonist kill warfarin-resistant rodents.
The enhancement click to see more the molecule antagonist the form of a larger what are group to enhance the fat solubility what are coumadin antagonist the poison and greatly increase the time it acts within the animal's body.
Nevertheless, oral vitamin K may need to be given for times that may exceed a month, in order to counter the effect of second-generation VKAs that have very long residence times in what are coumadin antagonist fat of read article and humans. For a more complete list of coumarins used as antagonist and antagonist, see the main article antagonist 4-hydroxycoumarins.
What are coumadin group of VKAs are 1,3-indandione derivatives.
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